Electric underfloor heating

Electric underfloor heating (UFH) become the emitter of choice for renovator seeking and even spread of warmth in extensions or individual rooms. This is because it has a low build-up height and is easy and quick install. This setup, however, has higher running costs than the water-based version, so it’s best suited to taking the chill off in small areas, such as bathrooms.

How does it work?

A typical system is primarily made up of a series of thin wires that are laid beneath your chosen covering. These heat up once an electric current passes through them. Electric UFH uses the same principle as a hairdryer or toaster, just at a much lower temperature across a greater area. The warm cables transfer heat into the floor, transforming the surface into a radiant emitter.

Te wires are typically made from dual-core metal heating elements, which are surrounded by plastic or fluoropolymer insulation. There is and earthing screen for safety, an then another layer of plastic insulation.

The system can be supplied as loose cables, which are ideal for installation in rooms which awkward coroners. The alternative is heating mats and rolls, where the cables are pre-laid on a mesh.

UFH can be controlled by an intelligent thermostat that monitors the air and floor temperature, operating the system as required.

Installation

Electric UFH is easier and cheaper to lay than its wet counterpart. The mats or loose wires are fitted onto or embedded into a layer of screed that helps to establish a flat surface. This is applied on top of a decent thickness of floor insulation, which stops the heat generated by the system being lost, as it directs it back up towards the floor surface. Installation can be completed by competent DIYers, although you will usually need a qualified electrician to commission the setup once it has been fitted.

Things to consider

Underfloor heating works efficiently when installed in a well insulated room, but it operates at a lower temperature than radiators a therefore has a slower warm up time. Dry UFH, however, usually heats up quicker than wet systems and should take between 20-40 minutes to reach a desired temperature when switched on. Our 160/200W undertile mats laid onto insulated tile backer boards take around 20 minutes to warm up the floor.

However, when paired with smart modern controls you can program the system to function at a time that suits your family’s lifestyle. You will need to carefully consider your room setup before installation  as you won’t be able to lay cables under fitted furniture, such as wardrobes and cupboards, because the heat could cause the units to sweat.

A heating engineer will be able to determine whether your desired zone is suitable for this type of system. They’ll also let you know the required heat output. You might need to change your electricity tariff to ensure you run the system on the most cost effective plan available. If you’re thinking of pairing the system up with renewable, solar photovoltaic panels wi be your best bet.

You can use electric UFH with a wide range of floor coverings, Contrary to popular belief, this also includes carpet - as long as the tog value is no higher than 2.5 including the underlay. Engineered wood is a favorite as it is less prone to warping than solid timber, while stone and ceramic tiles are considered the best options as they offer good heat conductivity and thermal mass.